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SAT写作官方改革后深入分析考点变化

   
  在2014.4.16日美国新版SAT官网发布了洋洋洒洒的211页考试改革公文,其中写作部分(writing)部分将基于阅读和写作”(Evidence-Based Reading and Writing),总分为800分。那么新版SAT的语法选择是考点是否会变化?以下小站教育为您图文并茂的详细解读:

  一、 新版SAT写作与语言能力部分与与现行SAT语法选择部分的总体对比

  现版SAT新版SAT

  考试时间35分钟(分2个SECTIONS)35分钟

  每题的选择项54

  基于单句单句提升

  Improving Sentences25题0题

  错误辨析

  Identifying Sentence Errors18题0题

  基于

  篇章篇章提升

  Improving

  Passage6题44题

  文章数1篇4篇

  每篇文章字数220-250词400-450词

  选择题总数4944

  从上面的对比表格可以看出,新版SAT的写作及语言能力部分去除了现版SAT语法选择部分中基于单句的题目,全部以篇章的形式呈现。如同其他部分一样,新版SAT每题的选择项为4项。同时篇章的长度加长。

  我们可以认为新版试卷中的“写作及语言能力”部分是基于现版SAT语法选择部分的“升级版”。既然是“升级版”,就有对现版题目出题思路的部分保留,也有新出题思路出现。

  二、对现版SAT语法选择题出题思路的保留

  我们先看一下这次详细说明文件中的一个例题:

  原文对应部分如下:

  The transportation planner’s job might involve conducting a traffic count to determine the daily number of vehicles traveling on the road to the new factory. If analysis of the traffic count indicates that there is more traffic than the 3.current road as it is designed at this time can efficiently accommodate, the transportation planner might recommend widening the road to add another lane. . . .

  针对文中标有数字“3”的部分,出题如下:

  3. A) NO CHANGE

  B) current design of the road right now

  C) road as it is now currently designed

  D) current design of the road

  熟悉SAT体系的人都可以轻易看出,这样的出题就是基于现版SAT的Improving Sentences(单句提升)的思路。原句中划线部分如果没有错误,就选择A. NO CHANGE;如果原句有错误,则在B,C,D中选择正确的改写方式。原文中又有“current”又有“at this time”属于“同义反复”(Redundancy),正确答案是将之改为D. current design of the road。

  三、原文中的错误不再局限于语法

  现版SAT的语法部分有一个重要的原则,只谈语言运用错误,只看语言运用是否符合标准英语书面语的规范,对词义本身不做要求。换言之,现版SAT的语法部分的题目只会出现语法错误,而不会有词义的错误。

  新版SAT对这一点采取了突破,在写作及语言测试中,会有题目让我们考虑原文中的词语选择是否恰当,是否应该进行合理的替换。我们看看下面这个例子:

  . . . As Kingman developed as a painter, his works were often compared to paintings by Chinese landscape artists dating back to CE 960, a time when a strong tradition of landscape painting emerged in Chinese art. Kingman, however, vacatedfrom that tradition in a number of ways, most notably in that he chose to focus not on natural landscapes, such as mountains and rivers, but on cities. . . .

  A. NO CHANGE B. evacuated C. departed D. retired

  针对划线部分“vacated”一词,四个选择,包括A保留原词和BCD三个不同的替换词。原文中的画家Kingman借鉴了中国山水画的传统,但是在一些方面又突破了这一传统,比如传统中国山水画以自然风光为描绘对象,而Kingman描绘的是城市的景象。

  原文所选的vacate是“彻底退出”,而C选项中的depart可以理解为“部分偏离”,C选项是正确答案。

  四、与阅读题出题思路相融合

  新版SAT写作及语言能力部分的测试不再局限于现版中的语法错误,开始部分与阅读题的出题思路进行融合,要求考生能够对段落大意及文章主旨进行分析。

  下面就是一个例题:

   His fine brushwork conveys detailed street-level activity: a peanut vendor pushing his cart on the sidewalk, a pigeon pecking for crumbs around a fire hydrant, an old man tending to a baby outside a doorway. His broader brushstrokes and sponge-painted shapes create majestic city skylines, with skyscrapers towering in the background, bridges connecting neighborhoods on either side of a river, and enormous ships maneuvering out of a busy harbor. To art critics and fans alike, these city scenes represent the innovative spirit of twentieth-century urban Modernism…

  Which choice most effectively establishes the main topic of the paragraph?

  A. Kingman is considered a pioneer of the California Style school of painting.

  B. Although cities were his main subject, Kingman did occasionally paint natural landscapes.

  C. In his urban landscapes, Kingman captures the vibrancy of crowded cities.

  D. In 1929 Kingman moved to Oakland, California, where he attended the Fox Art School.

  这段文字很细节地展示出画家Kingman笔下栩栩如生的城市景象,卖花生的小贩在人行道上推着小车,鸽子在消防栓边寻找食物,老人在看护一个婴儿…题目要求我们在四个选项中选出这一小节的主题句,自然C,“Kingman捕捉住了城市的生机和活力”是最佳答案。

  五、将图表进行到底

  看来这次CB想借着SAT改革“将图表进行到底”了。不同于阅读部分的是,写作及语言能力测试基于原文中是否有错误,是否需要进行更改和提升。以下就是一个例题:

  原文:

  The United States Bureau of Labor Statistics forecasts steady job growth in this field, projecting that 16 percent of new jobs in all occupations will be related to urban and regional planning.

  对应图表如下:

  对应题目是:

  Which choice completes the sentence with accurate data based on the above graph?

  A. NO CHANGE

  B. warning, however, that job growth in urban and regional planning will slow to 14 percent by 2020.

  C. predicting that employment of urban and regional planners will increase 16 percent between 2010 and 2020.

  D. indicating that 14 to 18 percent of urban and regional planning positions will remain unfilled.

  原文中划线部分对于图表的解读是错误的,原文的理解是“新增工作机会中的16%与城市及地区规划相关”,然而图表中的信息正确的理解是:“预计自2010年至2020年,与城市及地区规划相关的工作机会将会新增16%”。前者是所有的新工作机会中16%与规划相关,后者是与规划相关的工作增加16%。由此答案C为正确的理解。

  综上所述,这次新版SAT中写作及语言测试基于篇章,考核了考生英语语法能力,阅读理解能力以及读懂图表等实用能力的加强。所以,考生可根据SAT的考试变革,平常多积累实用性题目的写作。SAT改革后出题的灵活性大大加强,将写作与口语结合,阅读语法题下降,考生需适当调整自己复习计划,适应最新SAT样题。

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