SAT写作分析方法探讨-关于对比修辞

2018年05月17日19:18 来源：小站整理: 参与（0）阅读（8432）

摘要：SAT写作可以说不同于我们之前接触的高考，四六级乃至雅思托福，不再是argue and report，而是explain and analyze。所以，评分标准的维度扩充为阅读，分析与写作3个。让人好生无奈！本文细细为大家解读SAT写作的分析方法，以对比修辞为例。

SAT的写作，是提供一篇选在外刊的文章，然后让你分析此文中的特点。那么，在分析文章时，必然涉及到对文章的修辞手法的探讨，本文将聚焦于SAT写作文章里常见的对比修辞，探讨我们该如何下笔写作。

SAT写作修辞分析之什么是对比(contrast)?

if you contrast one thing with another, you point out or consider the differences between those things.

简单说，对比就是比较两个事物的不同之处，以达到强调的作用。比如官方指南第四篇写作题 Let There Be Dark 中有这样一句话：

And too little darkness, meaning too much artificial light at night, spells trouble for all.

在这句话中，作者使用了对比的修辞手法，黑夜的减少和人工照明的增加形成了一个鲜明的对比，从而突出了黑夜的重要性。

SAT写作修辞分析之对比常见的修辞效果是什么?

1)澄清观点to elucidate ideas and clear their meanings

2)加强观点

opposite and contrasting ideas shock the audience, heighten drama and are memorable for readers.

3)平衡观点contrasting ideas produce balanced structures.

常用句型如下：

What the author does?

The author employs a distinct contrast…

The author contrasts the fact with another…

In contrast to…

Why he or she does it?

…to highlight a paradox…

This tool is utilized to establish an emphasis on…

What effect this is likely to have on readers?

…contribute to the sense that…

…clarify the concepts for the readers.

SAT写作修辞分析之如何用3W原则对contrast展开深度分析?

如何使用3W原则来分析一篇议论文中的contrast呢，我们一起看个例子吧~

We were taking the black young men who had been crippled by our society and sending them eight thousand miles away to guarantee liberties in Southeast Asia which they had not found in southwest Georgia and East Harlem. And so we have been repeatedly faced with the cruel irony of watching Negro and white boys on TV screens as they kill and die together for a nation that has been unable to seat them together in the same schools. And so we watch them in brutal solidarity burning the huts of a poor village, but we realize that they would hardly live on the same block in Chicago. ( 原文选自：Beyond Vietnam — A Time to Break Silence.)

分析King sees young black men, denied their rights at home, sent 8,000 miles “to guarantee liberties in Southeast Asia”; Negro and white boys, who cannot study at the same schools in the US,“kill and die together” in Vietnam; boys who cannot live in the same Chicago neighborhood burn huts abroad in “brutal solidarity”. Dichotomies of contrasting images allow King to show how the war highlights state hypocrisy and the moral inconsistencies of segregation.(范文摘自《新SAT写作官方题库与范文》中国出版集团中译出版社)

原文如何体现3W原则

首先范文分析了原文作者在此处使用了一个对比的写作手法(Dichotomies of contrasting images)，即将黑人在国内无法与白人享受平等权利的事实同在国外一起奔赴战场，去追求所谓自由的事实做了一个对比。紧接着，范文分析了这一手法的修辞目的(allow King to show…) 即通过对比，向观众揭露了政府虚伪和出尔反尔的真面目。

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