SAT写作：经典人物素材之达芬奇

2018年03月22日10:24 来源：小站整理

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达·芬奇 是欧洲文艺复兴时期的天才科学家、发明家、画家，生物学家。现代学者称他为“文艺复兴时期最完美的代表”，是人类历史上绝无仅有的全才，他最大的成就是绘画，他的杰作《蒙娜丽莎》、《最后的晚餐》、《岩间圣母》等作品，体现了他精湛的艺术造诣。他认为自然中最美的研究对象是人体，人体是大自然的奇妙之作品，画家应以人为绘画对象的核心。

Leonardo da Vinci was born in April 15, 1452 in Vinci, Italy. Leonardo's mastery in art, science and engineering have earned him a place among the most prolific geniuses of history. He was one of the most important artists of the Italian Renaissance, a period when the arts and sciences flourished. At age 17, Leonardo and his father moved to Florence, where he apprenticed to Verrocchio. His brilliance soon eclipsed that of his master. In 1472 Leonardo became a member of the painter's guild of Florence, where he had contact with other great Florentine artists including Michelangelo Buonarroti.

列奥纳多·达·芬奇于1452年4月15日出生于意大利的达芬奇市。达·芬奇在艺术、科学和工程学方面的卓越成就使他成为历史上最多产的天才之一。他是文艺复兴时期意大利文艺复兴时期最重要的艺术家之一。17岁时，列奥纳多和他的父亲搬到佛罗伦萨，在那里当学徒。他的才华很快超越了他的主人。1472年，列奥纳多成为佛罗伦萨画家协会的一员，在那里他与其他伟大的佛罗伦萨艺术家有过接触，包括米开朗基罗·布隆罗蒂。

In 1481 Leonardo left Florence for Milan to offer his service to the local Duke. During this period he painted the Virgin of the Rocks and the Last Supper. In 1499 Leonardo left Milan, traveling through Mantua, to the court of Isabella d'Este; to Venice, where he consulted on architecture from 1495 to 1499; and in 1502 and 1503 was military engineer for Cesare Borgia. After his service to the Borgias, Leonardo returned to Florence. It was during the period between 1503 and 1506, while working primarily in Florence, that he had his greatest following and painted such classics as the "Mona Lisa."

1481年，达芬奇离开佛罗伦萨，前往米兰为当地公爵提供服务。在这期间，他画了《岩石的圣母》和《最后的晚餐》。1499年，列奥纳多离开米兰，穿过曼图亚，来到伊莎贝拉·德斯特的宫廷;在威尼斯，他从1495年到1499年在建筑学上咨询过;1502年和1503年是Cesare Borgia的军事工程师。在他为博吉亚斯服务之后，列奥纳多回到了佛罗伦萨。在1503年到1506年间，他主要在佛罗伦萨工作，他有他最伟大的作品，并把这些经典作品描绘成“蒙娜丽莎”。

Leonardo left Florence for Milan in 1506, although he returned in 1507-8 to fight for his inheritance from his Uncle. In 1509 he returned to Milan and devoted much of his time to scientific studies, and to engineering projects such as channeling the course of the Adda river. In 1512 Leonardo left Milan again, and from 1513 to 1516 was in Rome under the protection of Giuliano de Medici, the brother of Pope Leo X. Here Leonardo came into contact with Michelangelo, and another young rival, Raphael. After the death of Giuliano dei Medici, Leonardo accepted an invitation from French friends and moved to the castle of Cloux near Amboise, where he stayed with his faithful pupil Melzi until the end of his life. Leonardo died on May 2, 1519, and was buried in the cloister of San Fiorentino in Amboise.

1506年，莱昂纳多离开佛罗伦萨去米兰，尽管他在1507年回到了佛罗伦萨，为了继承他叔叔的遗产而战。在1509年，他回到米兰，把大部分时间投入到科学研究和工程项目中，比如在阿德达河的航道上。1512年，列奥纳多再次离开米兰，1513年至1516年，在罗马教皇利奥·x的兄弟朱利亚诺·德·美第奇的保护下，达芬奇与米开朗基罗以及另一个年轻的对手拉斐尔进行了接触。在朱利亚诺·狄美第奇死后，列奥纳多接受了法国朋友的邀请，搬到安博西附近的克卢克斯城堡，在那里他和他忠实的学生梅子呆在一起，直到他生命的尽头。莱昂纳多于1519年5月2日去世，他被安葬在安博伊西的圣奥伦蒂诺修道院。

达芬奇名言：

Iron rusts from disuse; stagnant water loses its purity and in cold weather becomes frozen; …even so does inaction sap the vigor of the mind.

从废弃铁生锈;停滞的水失去了纯净，寒冷的天气变得冰冷;即使如此，不作为也会消耗头脑的活力。

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