【SAT阅读技巧】填空题中逻辑关系的7个答题技巧
- 2015年12月14日16:50 来源：小站整理
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在SAT填空题的解答过程中，对句子中和空格相关的逻辑关系的分析也非常重要。SAT填空考试所涉及的逻辑关系主要有：因果关系，并列和递进关系，目的、手段和结果关系，解释关系，对比关系。其中以因果关系，对比关系以及解释关系占据的比例最高，小编今天为大家盘点了逻辑词，同时还有SAT例题解析让你更加深刻得体会逻辑词在考试中的考察。
逻辑词盘点：
1. 因果关系
明显因果关系：Because, because of, for, as, since, in that, be due to, as long as, if, when, so, so that, therefore, thereby, as a result, consequently, accordingly, thus, hence
隐含因果关系：given, considering, lead to, result in, give rise to, derive from, result from, on the basis of, represent, be based on, rely on, spring from,Too A to B, so A that B, such A that B,-ing/ -ed
2. 目的手段关系 in order to, to, for, by,
3. 递进关系even, indeed, not only…but also…, almost…quite
4. 并列复指关系and, 分号，非转折含义连接词(and, or…)，平行结构，同位语,A, B
5. 转折关系although, though, even though, albeit, despite, in spite of, however, but, yet, while, whereas, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, whatever
6.对比关系：
结构对比关系：not…but…, instead, in contrast, on the contrary, far from…, on the other hand, rather than, more…than…, otherwise, unlike, not so much…as...
特殊含义词对比：paradoxical, paradoxically, ironical, ironically, unexpected, unexpectedly, curious, curiously, surprise, surprisingly, unfortunate, unfortunately, puzzle, shock
时间对比关系：before, until, since, previous, current, recently, now, today, yesterday, later, future, begin, start, origin, create, once, early, formerly, initially, pristine, erstwhile, heretofore, hitherto, no longer
明显对比含义词：contrast whether rather than rather than instead
非明显对比含义词：remarkable typically/uncharacteristic between A and B
特殊含义词对比：disappointed paradoxically actually
7. 解释关系：分词短语，不定式短语，状语从句，冒号，定语从句/状语从句，分号/冒号/that is/逗号
下面是SAT真题例题给到大家，让大家对SAT填空中涉及到的逻辑词更加了解。
例1：Because the congresswoman has been so openhanded with many of her constituents， it is difficult to reconcile this ____ with her private ___.
A. selfishness ... inattention
B. insolence ... virtue
C. magnanimity ... pettiness
D. opportunism ... ambition
E. solicitousness ... generosity
解析:because 体现出两个分句之间为因果关系，如果在空格的前面出现指示代词，那么这个空格就是第一解题点，指示代词指代前面提到的某个信息，从题干中我们不难看出指示代词前最重要的信息是openhanded(慷慨，大方)， 因此第一个空格要填的词一定是openhanded 的同义词;又因为逗号后面有difficult的存在，我们得知一空和二空之间应该互为反义词。所以第一个空格应该填“慷慨，大方”;第二个空格填“吝啬，小气”，答案选C。
例2：Although it stayed in business for several months， the company was actually ___ and met its financial obligations only by engaging in ____ activities.
A. insolvent ... fraudulent
B. prudent ... speculative
C. autonomous ... subordinate
D. bankrupt ... charitable
E. stable ... manipulative
解析：通过although一词我们知道此题为让步关系，做对立题特别要关注题干中正负向，往往根据正负向我们就能很快得出答案;读题干的前半句我们知道“公司已经在生意上维持了好几个月”，据此得知这半句话是正向，又通过although 我们知道逗号后面要填的词从方向上应该是负向，两个空格用and连接，因此要填的这个词都是负向词;通过第一个空格我们可以排除B，C和E选项，再看A和D选项的第二空格，我们也许不认识fraudulent(欺骗的)， 但我们一定认识charitable (慈善的)，由此得知D选项为一正，一负，排除D，从而选出A.
例3：Commerce on the remote island was conducted exclusively by ____， exchanging goods for goods.
A. credit B. loan C. faith D. patronage E. barter
解析：该题为解释关系题，做此题时如果发现题干中是一个空格加逗号，或者冒号，那么只需要看空格后的信息，从而加快做题的速度，做到有所读有所不读;本题中，我们根据exchanging goods for goods， 就能很快判断出barter(物物交换)为正确答案。
